lofexidine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 9868

Synonyms: BritLofex® | Lucemyra®
Approved drug
lofexidine is an approved drug (UK (1990), FDA (2018))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Lofexidine is a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist [1]. The INN defines this drug as a racemic mixture of stereo isomers. We show the chemical structure without specified stereochemistry to represent the mixture. Oral lofexidine tablets contain the hydrochloride salt.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 2
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 3
Topological polar surface area 33.62
Molecular weight 258.03
XLogP 3.14
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CC(C1=NCCN1)Oc1c(Cl)cccc1Cl
Isomeric SMILES CC(C1=NCCN1)Oc1c(Cl)cccc1Cl
InChI InChI=1S/C11H12Cl2N2O/c1-7(11-14-5-6-15-11)16-10-8(12)3-2-4-9(10)13/h2-4,7H,5-6H2,1H3,(H,14,15)
InChI Key KSMAGQUYOIHWFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
In the UK lofexidine is administered to relieve symptoms in patients undergoing opioid detoxification. It is the first non-opioid to be used for managing opioid withdrawal symptoms. The US FDA approved its use in May 2018. Its use is not yet approved by the EMA (May 2018).
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Lofexidine mitigates the acute and painful symptoms of opioid withdrawal by suppressing the norepinephrine surge that produces the symptoms. α2-adrenoceptor agonism reduces norepinephrine release.
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)