epigallocatechin-3-gallate   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7002

Abbreviated name: EGCG
Synonyms: EGCG | epigallocatechin gallate
PDB Ligand
Compound class: Natural product
Comment: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is one of the catechins that are found in green tea. It had been ascribed activity as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor. However, a 2017 article by Dahlin et al. suggests that the thiol-reactivity of EGCG brings in to question its activity as a HAT inhibitor [4]. Amongst the plethora of health benefits attributed to the catechins, EGCG has demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity [1,6-9].

SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: In relation to SARS-CoV-2, molecular docking analysis suggests that EGCG interacts with the virus' S protein and main protease (Mpro; 3CLpro) [11]. Evidence also suggests that catechins bind to the S1 ubiquitin-binding site of the virus' second protease PLPro. It is hypothesised that inhibiting PLPro will reduce the enzyme's inhibitory function on the host ubiquitin proteasome and interferon stimulated gene systems, thus targeting some of the inflammatory aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 2
Hydrogen bond donors 8
Rotatable bonds 4
Topological polar surface area 197.37
Molecular weight 458.08
XLogP 3.58
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES Oc1cc(O)c2c(c1)OC(C(C2)OC(=O)c1cc(O)c(c(c1)O)O)c1cc(O)c(c(c1)O)O
Isomeric SMILES Oc1cc(O)c2c(c1)O[C@@H]([C@@H](C2)OC(=O)c1cc(O)c(c(c1)O)O)c1cc(O)c(c(c1)O)O
InChI InChI=1S/C22H18O11/c23-10-5-12(24)11-7-18(33-22(31)9-3-15(27)20(30)16(28)4-9)21(32-17(11)6-10)8-1-13(25)19(29)14(26)2-8/h1-6,18,21,23-30H,7H2/t18-,21-/m1/s1
InChI Key WMBWREPUVVBILR-WIYYLYMNSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been evaluated as a therapeutic tool in patients with Down's syndrome, for efficacy to improve cognitive deficit. Click here to link to ClinicalTrials.gov's list of EGCG studies that also mention DYRK1A.

EGCG has been deployed as a potential COVID-19 therapeutic [3].
Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial ID Title Type Source Comment References
NCT01699711 Normalization of dyrk1A and APP Function as an Approach to Improve Cognitive Performance and Decelerate AD Progression in DS Subjects: Epigallocatechin Gallate as Therapeutic Tool Phase 2 Interventional Parc de Salut Mar Results from this Phase 2 trial were published in 2016. EGCG alone did not have an effect on cognitive function, but EGCG plus cognitive training for 12 months improved visual recognition memory, inhibitory control, and adaptive behaviour compared to placebo plus cognitive training.