ibudilast   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7399

Synonyms: AV-411 | KC-404 | Ketas® | MN-166
Approved drug PDB Ligand Immunopharmacology Ligand
ibudilast is an approved drug
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Ibudilast is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor antiinflammatory drug. See the Biological activity tab for affinity data across a range of PDE isozymes.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

ibudilast is commercially available from our sponsors

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 2
Hydrogen bond donors 0
Rotatable bonds 3
Topological polar surface area 34.37
Molecular weight 230.14
XLogP 2.65
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CC(C(=O)c1c(nn2c1cccc2)C(C)C)C
Isomeric SMILES CC(C(=O)c1c(nn2c1cccc2)C(C)C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C14H18N2O/c1-9(2)13-12(14(17)10(3)4)11-7-5-6-8-16(11)15-13/h5-10H,1-4H3
InChI Key ZJVFLBOZORBYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Ibudilast is an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective drug. It prolongs time-to-first relapse and attenuates brain volume shrinkage in patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) and/or secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS). Phase 2 evidence of ibudilast-related reduction in brain shrinkage in MS patients with progressive disease was published in August 2018 [3]. However, there is no information regarding full approval for clinical use of this drug on the US FDA or European Medicines Agency websites. Individual national agencies may have granted marketing authorisation. The EMA has authorised use (in 2016) of ibudilast as an orphan drug for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Mechanism of action is complex, involving PDE inhibition, NO inhibition, and reduction in reactive oxygen species (neuroprotective action).