Immunopharmacology Comments

Risankizumab is the second anti-IL-23A biologic therapy to receive clinical approval, following authorisation of tildrakizumab in 2018 (EMA and FDA). The IL-23/IL-17 axis plays an important role in the development of chronic inflammation [7], with potential genetic links between the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) or its ligand identified in inflammatory diseases including psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease [10]. Risankizumab blocks this signalling pathway to mediate its immunomodulatory benefit. Risankizumab is reported to exhibit higher efficacy than the anti-anti-IL-12/23p40 monoclonal ustekinumab in Phase 3 evaluation in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis [1,8]. The adverse event profiles of both drugs are comparable.

Immunopharmacology Disease
Disease	X-Refs	Comment	References
Asthma	Disease Ontology: DOID:2841 OMIM: 600807	Phase 2 clinical candidate for asthma (see NCT02443298).
Crohn's disease	Disease Ontology: DOID:8778 OMIM: 266600 Orphanet: ORPHA206	Phase 3 clinical candidate for CD (see NCT03105102).
Ankylosing spondylitis	Disease Ontology: DOID:7147	Phase 2 proof of concept trial in ankylosing spondylitis has been completed.
Psoriasis	Disease Ontology: DOID:8893	Approved therapy for moderate to severe psoriasis (FDA April 2019).