amlodipine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 6981

Synonyms: amlodipine besylate | amlodipine maleate | Copalia® (amlodipine + valsartan) | Katerzia® (amlodipine oral suspension, 1 mg/mL) | Norvasc® | UK-4834011
Approved drug
amlodipine is an approved drug (FDA (1992), EMA (2007))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Amlodipine is a long-acting dihydropyridine class calcium channel blocker.
Amlodipine is on the World Health Organisation's List of Essential Medicines. Click here to access the pdf version of the WHO's 21st Essential Medicines list (2019).
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: amlodipine

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 7
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 10
Topological polar surface area 99.88
Molecular weight 408.15
XLogP 3.16
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES NCCOCC1=C(C(=O)OCC)C(C(=C(N1)C)C(=O)OC)c1ccccc1Cl
Isomeric SMILES NCCOCC1=C(C(=O)OCC)C(C(=C(N1)C)C(=O)OC)c1ccccc1Cl
InChI InChI=1S/C20H25ClN2O5/c1-4-28-20(25)18-15(11-27-10-9-22)23-12(2)16(19(24)26-3)17(18)13-7-5-6-8-14(13)21/h5-8,17,23H,4,9-11,22H2,1-3H3
InChI Key HTIQEAQVCYTUBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Used in the treatment of hypertension and chronic stable angina.
Amlodipine is a component of the fixed-ratio drug Caduet® (marketed as Envacar® in some countries) which also contains the HMG-CoA inhibitor atorvastatin. Caduet® was first approved by the US FDA in 2004.
Amlodipine is also a component of Prestalia®, a mixture of amlodipine and perindopril, a drug approved (by the US FDA in 2015) for the treatment of hypertension. EMA approvals are for fixed-dose combinations of amlodipine and the AT1 receptor antagonist valsartan.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
For an overview of the mechanism of action of amlodipine, please use the DrugBank link on the Summary tab.