clonidine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 516

Synonyms: Catapres® | Kapvay®
Approved drug PDB Ligand
clonidine is an approved drug (FDA (1974))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Clonidine is an α2 adrenoceptor agonist.
The structure shown here is in the amino form. A tautomeric imino form, represented by CHEBI:3757 also exists.
Click here for help
IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project (PEP) logo

View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: clonidine

2D Structure
Click here for help
Click here for structure editor
Physico-chemical Properties
Click here for help
Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 2
Topological polar surface area 36.42
Molecular weight 229.02
XLogP 2.68
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
Click here for help
Canonical SMILES Clc1cccc(c1NC1=NCCN1)Cl
Isomeric SMILES Clc1cccc(c1NC1=NCCN1)Cl
InChI InChI=1S/C9H9Cl2N3/c10-6-2-1-3-7(11)8(6)14-9-12-4-5-13-9/h1-3H,4-5H2,(H2,12,13,14)
InChI Key GJSURZIOUXUGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Clonidine is a an imidazoline-derivative hypotensive agent with a variety of clinical uses including as an epidural infusion, for the prophylaxis of vascular migraine headaches, treatment of severe dysmenorrhea and management of severe cancer pain. In the US this drug is used to manage ADHD in children above 6 years of age.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Clonidine has similar agonist affinity for all three α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-ARs). The drug is able to cross the blood-brain barrier where it acts on presynaptic α2A- and α2C-ARs to inhibit the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves. This decreases sympathetic tone and results in decreased blood pressure and heart rate. Sedation and analgesia are mediated by centrally located α2A-ARs.