Gene and Protein Information
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Human	1	499	19q13.42	LILRA4	leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor A4
Gene and Protein Information Comments
The LILRA4 protein is translated as a 499 amino acid precursor. The 23 amino terminal residues are a signal peptide, cleaved to form the mature protein. The protein structure has several disulphide bonds, and is heavily glycosylated.

Previous and Unofficial Names

leucocyte Ig-like receptor A4 | ILT7 | immunoglobulin-like transcript 7

Database Links
Alphafold	P59901 (Hs)
CATH/Gene3D	2.60.40.10
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL4804246 (Hs)
Ensembl Gene	ENSG00000239961 (Hs)
Entrez Gene	23547 (Hs)
Human Protein Atlas	ENSG00000239961 (Hs)
KEGG Gene	hsa:23547 (Hs)
OMIM	607517 (Hs)
Pharos	P59901 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide	NM_012276 (Hs)
RefSeq Protein	NP_036408 (Hs)
UniProtKB	P59901 (Hs)
Wikipedia	LILRA4 (Hs)

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Antibodies
Key to terms and symbols		Click column headers to sort
Antibody Sp. Action Value Parameter Reference anti-ILT7 antibody Hs Binding - - 4 ⤷ [4]

Immunopharmacology Comments

LILRA4 (CD85g) is a member of the activating leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor (LILRA) family (HGNC family 1181). It is involved in activation of eosinophils and homeostatic regulation of the innate immunity of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) [1]. Anti-ILT7 antibody was developed to target CD85g +ve IFNα-producing pDCs as a novel mechanism for the treatment of autoimmune condtions [4].

Cell Type Associations

Immuno Cell Type:  Macrophages & monocytes Cell Ontology Term:   macrophage (CL:0000235) monocyte (CL:0000576)

Immuno Cell Type:  Granulocytes Cell Ontology Term:   granulocyte (CL:0000094)

Immuno Cell Type:  Dendritic cells Cell Ontology Term:   dendritic cell (CL:0000451)

Immuno Process Associations

Immuno Process:  Inflammation

Immuno Process:  Immune regulation

Immuno Process:  Cytokine production & signalling

Immuno Process:  Cellular signalling

Tissue Distribution
Expressed only on plasmacytoid dendritic cells(pDCs) Species:  Human Technique:  Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based subtraction technique, SAGE library screening, immunocytochemistry References:  1-3,5
Moderately enriched in lymphoid organs, where pDCs reside. Species:  Human Technique:  SAGE library screening References:  3

Gene Expression and Pathophysiology Comments

LILRA4 (ILT7) is a marker of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), cells which are reported to be a major source of the abnormally high levels of IFNα associated with autoimmune diseases. Targeting LILRA4 with therapeutic antibodies to promote killing of these IFNα-producing pDCs is being investigated as a novel approach to alleviating the symptoms of autoimmune diseases.

General Comments

LILRA4 is an immunoglobulin-like protein preferentially expressed on the surface of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) [1]. It interacts with bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2; CD317; Q10589) to control the Toll-like receptor (TLR) driven response by pDCs to viral infection. It may also be involved in modulating pDC-tumour interactions. pDCs are a source of the excess IFNα which drives autoimmune disease symptoms.