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phentolamine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 502

Synonyms: dibasin | fentolamin | Regitine® | Rogitine® | Ryzumvi® (opthalmic solution)
Approved drug
phentolamine is an approved drug (FDA (1952))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Phentolamine is a non-selective alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project (PEP) logo

View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: phentolamine

phentolamine is commercially available from our sponsors

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Click here for structure editor
Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 4
Topological polar surface area 47.86
Molecular weight 281.15
XLogP 3.26
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES Cc1ccc(cc1)N(c1cccc(c1)O)CC1=NCCN1
Isomeric SMILES Cc1ccc(cc1)N(c1cccc(c1)O)CC1=NCCN1
InChI InChI=1S/C17H19N3O/c1-13-5-7-14(8-6-13)20(12-17-18-9-10-19-17)15-3-2-4-16(21)11-15/h2-8,11,21H,9-10,12H2,1H3,(H,18,19)
InChI Key MRBDMNSDAVCSSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
References
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Pharmacological characterization of CGP 12177 at the human beta(2)-adrenoceptor.
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Pharmacology and direct visualisation of BODIPY-TMR-CGP: a long-acting fluorescent beta2-adrenoceptor agonist.
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Pharmacological characteristics of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors: comparison of pharmacologically defined subtypes with subtypes identified by molecular cloning.
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β2 -Adrenoceptor agonist profiling reveals biased signalling phenotypes for the β2 -adrenoceptor with possible implications for the treatment of asthma.
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Further characterization of human alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes: [3H]RX821002 binding and definition of additional selective drugs.
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7. Frielle T, Daniel KW, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. (1988)
Structural basis of beta-adrenergic receptor subtype specificity studied with chimeric beta 1/beta 2-adrenergic receptors.
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8. Proudman RGW, Akinaga J, Baker JG. (2022)
The affinity and selectivity of α-adrenoceptor antagonists, antidepressants and antipsychotics for the human α2A, α2B, and α2C-adrenoceptors and comparison with human α1 and β-adrenoceptors.
Pharmacol Res Perspect, 10 (2): e00936. [PMID:35224877]
9. Proudman RGW, Akinaga J, Baker JG. (2022)
The signaling and selectivity of α-adrenoceptor agonists for the human α2A, α2B and α2C-adrenoceptors and comparison with human α1 and β-adrenoceptors.
Pharmacol Res Perspect, 10 (5): e01003. [PMID:36101495]
10. Proudman RGW, Pupo AS, Baker JG. (2020)
The affinity and selectivity of α-adrenoceptor antagonists, antidepressants, and antipsychotics for the human α1A, α1B, and α1D-adrenoceptors.
Pharmacol Res Perspect, 8 (4): e00602. [PMID:32608144]
11. Shibata K, Foglar R, Horie K, Obika K, Sakamoto A, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G. (1995)
KMD-3213, a novel, potent, alpha 1a-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist: characterization using recombinant human alpha 1-adrenoceptors and native tissues.
Mol Pharmacol, 48 (2): 250-8. [PMID:7651358]
12. Waugh DJ, Gaivin RJ, Zuscik MJ, Gonzalez-Cabrera P, Ross SA, Yun J, Perez DM. (2001)
Phe-308 and Phe-312 in transmembrane domain 7 are major sites of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonist binding. Imidazoline agonists bind like antagonists.
J Biol Chem, 276 (27): 25366-71. [PMID:11331292]