avoralstat   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 11584

Synonyms: BCX-4161 | BCX4161
PDB Ligand
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Avoralstat (BCX-4161) is a small molecule, oral plasma kallikrein (a serine protease that generates bradykinin from kininogen) inhibitor [3]. Data pubished in 2021 indicate that avoralstat inhibits TMPRSS2 (a protease required for spike protein-mediated SARS-CoV-2 viral entry via ACE2) with comparable inhibitory activity to camostat [2].
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

avoralstat is commercially available from our sponsors

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 9
Hydrogen bond donors 5
Rotatable bonds 12
Topological polar surface area 167.49
Molecular weight 513.2
XLogP 1.7
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES COc1cc(c(cc1C=C)C(=O)Nc1ccc(cc1)C(=N)N)c1ccc(nc1C(=O)O)C(=O)NCC1CC1
Isomeric SMILES COc1cc(c(cc1C=C)C(=O)Nc1ccc(cc1)C(=N)N)c1ccc(nc1C(=O)O)C(=O)NCC1CC1
InChI InChI=1S/C28H27N5O5/c1-3-16-12-21(26(34)32-18-8-6-17(7-9-18)25(29)30)20(13-23(16)38-2)19-10-11-22(33-24(19)28(36)37)27(35)31-14-15-4-5-15/h3,6-13,15H,1,4-5,14H2,2H3,(H3,29,30)(H,31,35)(H,32,34)(H,36,37)
InChI Key TUWMKPVJGGWGNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
References
1. Aygören-Pürsün E, Magerl M, Graff J, Martinez-Saguer I, Kreuz W, Longhurst H, Nasr I, Bas M, Straßen U, Fang L et al.. (2016)
Prophylaxis of hereditary angioedema attacks: A randomized trial of oral plasma kallikrein inhibition with avoralstat.
J Allergy Clin Immunol, 138 (3): 934-936.e5. [PMID:27302552]
2. Hu X, Shrimp JH, Guo H, Xu M, Chen CZ, Zhu W, Zakharov AV, Jain S, Shinn P, Simeonov A et al.. (2021)
Discovery of TMPRSS2 Inhibitors from Virtual Screening as a Potential Treatment of COVID-19.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci, 4 (3): 1124-1135. [PMID:34136758]
3. Partridge JR, Choy RM, Silva-Garcia A, Yu C, Li Z, Sham H, Metcalf B. (2019)
Structures of full-length plasma kallikrein bound to highly specific inhibitors describe a new mode of targeted inhibition.
J Struct Biol, 206 (2): 170-182. [PMID:30876891]
4. Riedl MA, Aygören-Pürsün E, Baker J, Farkas H, Anderson J, Bernstein JA, Bouillet L, Busse P, Manning M, Magerl M et al.. (2018)
Evaluation of avoralstat, an oral kallikrein inhibitor, in a Phase 3 hereditary angioedema prophylaxis trial: The OPuS-2 study.
Allergy, 73 (9): 1871-1880. [PMID:29688579]