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Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).
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More detailed introduction
In humans, the peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADIs; HGNC family link) are a family of five enzymes, PADI1-4 and PADI6. PADIs catalyze the deimination of protein L-arginine residues to L-citrulline and ammonia, generating peptidyl-citrulline on histones, fibrinogen, and other biologically relevant proteins. The human isozymes exhibit tissue-specific expression patterns [2]. Overexpression and/or increased PADI activity is observed in several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, lupus, Parkinson's disease, and cancer [1]. Pharmacological PADI inhibition reverses protein-hypercitrullination and disease in mouse models of multiple sclerosis [4].
peptidyl arginine deiminase 1
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peptidyl arginine deiminase 3
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peptidyl arginine deiminase 4
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Database page citation:
3.5.3.15 Peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADI). Accessed on 20/06/2025. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=918.
Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:
Alexander SPH, Fabbro D, Kelly E, Mathie AA, Peters JA, Veale EL, Armstrong JF, Faccenda E, Harding SD, Davies JA et al. (2023) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: Enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 180 Suppl 2:S289-373.