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beta-Sitosterol   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 13860

Synonyms: β-Sitosterol | azuprostat | clionasterol
PDB Ligand
Compound class: Natural product
Comment: Beta-Sitosterol is a phytosterol. It has been detected in plants including Solanum trilobatum, Sambucus chinensis and Erythrophleum fordii. Direct interaction with the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has been determined by molecular docking, and confirmed by FXR activation in a luciferase reporter assay [2]. This action mediates a protective effect against hepatotoxicity and cholestasis in vivo.
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 1
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 6
Topological polar surface area 20.23
Molecular weight 414.71
XLogP 11.6
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES CC[C@H](CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@H](CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]12C)O)C(C)C
Isomeric SMILES CC[C@H](CC[C@@H](C)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CC=C4[C@@]3(CC[C@@H](C4)O)C)C)C(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C29H50O/c1-7-21(19(2)3)9-8-20(4)25-12-13-26-24-11-10-22-18-23(30)14-16-28(22,5)27(24)15-17-29(25,26)6/h10,19-21,23-27,30H,7-9,11-18H2,1-6H3/t20-,21-,23+,24+,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-/m1/s1
InChI Key KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
Bioactivity Comments
Beta-Sitosterol induces transactivation of the FXR target gene BSEP in a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, reaching a maximum 3-fold elevation above DMSO control at 10 μM compound [2]. This is a more pronounced activation than that induced by the FXR agonist obeticholic acid (OCA) in the same reporter assay (although the concentration of OCA used is unclear). Does not inhibit CYP3A4 or CYP2D6 [1].
Selectivity at nuclear hormone receptors
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Target Sp. Type Action Value Parameter Concentration range (M) Reference
Farnesoid X receptor Hs Agonist Agonist - - - 2
⤷ [2]