Paraoxonase (PON) family | Enzymes | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

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Paraoxonase (PON) family

Paraoxonase (PON) family C

Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).

Overview

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Paraoxonases (PON) are calcium-dependent esterases, which may be involved in lipoprotein turnover and the conversion of lactone statin prodrugs, as well as being targets of organophosphates, such as the insecticide paraoxon.

Enzymes

Targets of relevance to immunopharmacology are highlighted in blue

PON1 (paraoxonase 1) C Show summary »« Hide summary

Target Id

3052

Nomenclature

paraoxonase 1

Common abbreviation

PON1

Previous and unofficial names

arylesterase 1 | ESA | esterase A

Genes

PON1 (Hs), Pon1 (Mm), Pon1 (Rn)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000005421 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000002588 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000008902 (Rn)

UniProtKB AC

P27169 (Hs), P52430 (Mm), P55159 (Rn)

EC number

3.1.1.2
A phenyl acetate + H(2)O <=> a phenol + acetate

3.1.1.81
An N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone + H(2)O <=> an N-acyl-L-homoserine

3.1.8.1
An aryl dialkyl phosphate + H(2)O <=> dialkyl phosphate + an aryl alcohol

Comment

PON1 forms homodimers. Loss-of-function mutations in PON1 are associated with microvascular complications of diabetes [2-3].

PON2 (paraoxonase 2) C Show summary »« Hide summary

Target Id

3053

Nomenclature

paraoxonase 2

Common abbreviation

PON2

Previous and unofficial names

arylesterase 2 | paraoxonase nirs | aromatic esterase 2 | A-esterase 2

Genes

PON2 (Hs), Pon2 (Mm), Pon2 (Rn)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000105854 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000032667 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000009112 (Rn)

UniProtKB AC

Q15165 (Hs), Q62086 (Mm), Q6AXM8 (Rn)

EC number

3.1.1.2
A phenyl acetate + H(2)O <=> a phenol + acetate

3.1.1.81
A N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone + H(2)O <=> a N-acyl-L-homoserine

Comment

PON2 forms heterotrimers [1].

PON3 (paraoxonase 3) C Show summary »« Hide summary

Target Id

3054

Nomenclature

paraoxonase 3

Common abbreviation

PON3

Previous and unofficial names

arylesterase 3

Genes

PON3 (Hs), Pon3 (Mm), Pon3 (Rn)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000105852 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000029759 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000009096 (Rn)

UniProtKB AC

Q15166 (Hs), Q62087 (Mm), Q68FP2 (Rn)

EC number

3.1.1.2
A phenyl acetate + H(2)O <=> a phenol + acetate

3.1.1.81
A N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone + H(2)O <=> a N-acyl-L-homoserine

3.1.8.1
An aryl dialkyl phosphate + H(2)O <=> dialkyl phosphate + an aryl alcohol

Comment

PON3 likely forms heterodimers in vivo [1].

References

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1. Draganov DI, Teiber JF, Speelman A, Osawa Y, Sunahara R, La Du BN. (2005) Human paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, and PON3) are lactonases with overlapping and distinct substrate specificities. J Lipid Res, 46 (6): 1239-47. [PMID:15772423]

2. Kao Y, Donaghue KC, Chan A, Bennetts BH, Knight J, Silink M. (2002) Paraoxonase gene cluster is a genetic marker for early microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med, 19 (3): 212-5. [PMID:11918623]

3. Kao YL, Donaghue K, Chan A, Knight J, Silink M. (1998) A variant of paraoxonase (PON1) gene is associated with diabetic retinopathy in IDDM. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 83 (7): 2589-92. [PMID:9661650]

How to cite this family page

Database page citation:

Paraoxonase (PON) family. Accessed on 19/04/2024. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=1018.

Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:

Alexander SPH, Fabbro D, Kelly E, Mathie AA, Peters JA, Veale EL, Armstrong JF, Faccenda E, Harding SD, Davies JA et al. (2023) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: Enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 180 Suppl 2:S289-373.

Paraoxonase (PON) family C

Overview

Enzymes

Targets of relevance to immunopharmacology are highlighted in blue

Further reading

References

How to cite this family page