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Alcohol dependence

GtoPdb Disease Summaries

This section gives an overview of the disease, and where available shows the following:

  • Synonyms: Shows known synonyms for the disease.
  • Description: Gives a basic description/definition of the disease.
  • Database Link: External links to the same disease at the Disease Ontology, OMIM or Orphanet sites.
  • Immunopharmacology comments: General comments about the target's role in immunopharmacology, provided by GtoImmuPdb curators.
  • Associated with: Counts are displayed for the total targets the disease is associated with in GtoPdb. The counts of targets and ligands of immunological relevance associated to the disease are also shown.

More information can be found in the help pages.

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Disease ID:48
Name:Alcohol dependence
Associated with:6 targets
Database Links
Disease Ontology: DOID:0050741
OMIM: 103780

Targets

GtoPdb Disease Summaries - Targets

Click on the target name to link to its detailed view page

Where available, information is display on the role of the target in the disease; drugs which target the disease and their therapeutic use and side-effects.

If there is mutation data curated in GtoPdb this is indicated, with a link back to the appropriate section on the target detailed view page

Immuno ligand interactions - If available, a table of immuno-relevant ligands is shown. These ligands have been curated as having an association to the disease and possess interaction data with the target in GtoPdb. The approval status of the ligand is shown, along with curator comments and an indication of whether the target is considered the primary target of the ligand.

More information can be found in the help pages.

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Key to terms and symbols
5-HT2A receptor
M2 receptor
D2 receptor
KCa2.2
Drugs:  EBIO and chlorzoxazone reduce excessive alcohol intake in rats; EBIO alleviates withdrawal hyperexcitability and attenuates ethanol withdrawal neurotoxicity in hippocampus in mice.
Side effects:  Sedation and impairment of motor coordination at higher doses.
Therapeutic use:  KCa2 activators have been suggested for the treatment of alcohol dependence and other addictions
References:  3-6
GABAA receptor α2 subunit
Comments:  Polymorphisms in GABRA2 are associated with susceptibility to alcohol dependence
References:  1-2
Catechol-O-methyltransferase

Ligands

GtoPdb Disease Summaries - Ligands

Click ligand name to view ligand summary page

  • Approved: If the ligand is an approved drug this is indicated, along with approval bodies.
  • Immuno: Immuno icon indicates the ligand is immuno-relevant

Click the arrow in the final column to expand comments

  • Immuno Disease Comments: Curatorial comments specifically added as part of GtoImmuPdb. They give more information on the association between the ligand and disease in the context of immunopharmacology.
  • Clinical Use: General clinical comments relating to the ligand and may not necessarily be specific to the disease in question. With hyperlink to more details on the ligand summary pages.
  • Bioactivty Comments: Curatorial comments specifically about the compounds biological activity - with hyperlink to more details on the ligand summary pages.

More information can be found in the help pages.

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No ligand related data available for Alcohol dependence

References

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1. Arias AJ, Covault J, Feinn R, Pond T, Yang BZ, Ge W, Oncken C, Kranzler HR. (2014) A GABRA2 variant is associated with increased stimulation and 'high' following alcohol administration. Alcohol Alcohol, 49 (1): 1-9. [PMID:24166645]

2. Bierut LJ, Agrawal A, Bucholz KK, Doheny KF, Laurie C, Pugh E, Fisher S, Fox L, Howells W, Bertelsen S et al.. (2010) A genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 107 (11): 5082-7. [PMID:20202923]

3. Hopf FW, Bowers MS, Chang SJ, Chen BT, Martin M, Seif T, Cho SL, Tye K, Bonci A. (2010) Reduced nucleus accumbens SK channel activity enhances alcohol seeking during abstinence. Neuron, 65 (5): 682-94. [PMID:20223203]

4. Hopf FW, Seif T, Bonci A. (2011) The SK channel as a novel target for treating alcohol use disorders. Channels (Austin), 5 (4): 289-92. [PMID:21712648]

5. Hopf FW, Simms JA, Chang SJ, Seif T, Bartlett SE, Bonci A. (2011) Chlorzoxazone, an SK-type potassium channel activator used in humans, reduces excessive alcohol intake in rats. Biol Psychiatry, 69 (7): 618-24. [PMID:21195386]

6. Mulholland PJ, Becker HC, Woodward JJ, Chandler LJ. (2011) Small conductance calcium-activated potassium type 2 channels regulate alcohol-associated plasticity of glutamatergic synapses. Biol Psychiatry, 69 (7): 625-32. [PMID:21056409]