CCL4   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 757

Synonyms: HC21 | macrophage inflammatory protein-1β | MIP-1β
Immunopharmacology Ligand
Compound class: Endogenous peptide in human, mouse or rat
Comment: CCL4 is a CC family chemokine more commonly referred to as macrophage inflammatory protein-1β or MIP-1β. It acts in a dimer with CCL3 (MIP-1α) [1].
Species: Human
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
Immunopharmacology Comments
CCL4 is a ligand for chemokine receptors: CCR1 and CCR5. Both macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIPs) are chemoattractants for macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils in an acute inflammatory response to bacterial endotoxins [2,9], and are crucial for immune responses in infection and inflammation [7]. MIP-induced activation of granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) induces macrophages and fibrobalsts to produce and release pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α). CCL4 is a major HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ T cells [4].