Immunopharmacology Comments

IL-17A and IL-17F are important cytokines in the host response against many extracellular pathogens, but are also recognised to cause excessive tissue damage and exacerbate proinflammatory responses during autoimmunity. A molecular mechanism underlying IL-17's role in the disease process of RA is proposed by Ganesan and Rasool (2017) [10]. The IL-17 pathway is therefore a major therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases. A study that investigated the potential of using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against the acute rejection of lung grafts (in rats) identified MSC-induced down-regulation of IL-17A by allografts as a major contributor to reduced markers of inflammation and graft rejection [12]. In addition, MSC treatment promoted expression of PD-L1 on the grafts, which implicates a PD-1/PD-L1 driven inhibition of immune responses in the protective effects of MSC therapy.

Immunopharmacology Disease
Disease	X-Refs	Comment	References
Multiple sclerosis	Disease Ontology: DOID:2377 OMIM: 126200 Orphanet: ORPHA802	Approved therapy for MS.
Psoriasis	Disease Ontology: DOID:8893	Approved therapy for psoriasis.
Rheumatoid arthritis	Disease Ontology: DOID:7148 OMIM: 180300	Approved therapy for RA.
Psoriatic arthritis	Disease Ontology: DOID:9008	Approved therapy for PsA.
Ankylosing spondylitis	Disease Ontology: DOID:7147	Approved therapy for systemic ankylosing spondylitis.