tolrestat   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7404

Synonyms: Alredase® | AY-27,773 | AY-27773
Approved drug PDB Ligand
tolrestat is an approved drug
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Tolrestat is an aldose reductase inhibitor [1] that failed Phase 3 clinical trial in the US and never made it to the clinic. The manufacturer withdrew the drug from other markets due to toxicity concerns.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 6
Topological polar surface area 81.86
Molecular weight 357.06
XLogP 3.99
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES COc1ccc2c(c1C(F)(F)F)cccc2C(=S)N(CC(=O)O)C
Isomeric SMILES COc1ccc2c(c1C(F)(F)F)cccc2C(=S)N(CC(=O)O)C
InChI InChI=1S/C16H14F3NO3S/c1-20(8-13(21)22)15(24)11-5-3-4-10-9(11)6-7-12(23-2)14(10)16(17,18)19/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22)
InChI Key LUBHDINQXIHVLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
This drug was approved for the control of certain diabetic complications but was discontinued due to severe side effects.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Tolrestat is an aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor. The AR AKR1B1 has been implicated in the development of diabetic complications as it catalyzes the reduction of glucose to sorbitol. AR inhibitors decrease the diabetes-associated accumulation of sorbitol in insulin insensitive tissues (such as lense cells, peripheral nerves and the renal glomerulus) which causes damage in these tissues and which leads to diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and kidney damage [3].