paclitaxel   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 2770

Synonyms: 7-epipaclitaxel | Abraxane® (albumin-bound suspension) | Taxol®
Approved drug PDB Ligand
paclitaxel is an approved drug (FDA (1992), EMA (2008))
Compound class: Natural product or derivative
Comment: Paclitaxel is a tubulin inhibitor. It was originally identified and isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia (hence the name 'taxol', and naming of the taxane family of compounds- includes docetaxel and cabazitaxel). The drug can be administered as a solvent-based drug, or in a formulation called nab-paclitaxel. Nab-paclitaxel consists of paclitaxel bound to albumin nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle (trade name Abraxane)- nab stands for nanoparticle albumin-bound.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: paclitaxel

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 15
Hydrogen bond donors 4
Rotatable bonds 15
Topological polar surface area 221.29
Molecular weight 853.33
XLogP 2.96
No. Lipinski's rules broken 2
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CC(=O)OC1C(=O)C2(C)C(O)CC3C(C2C(C2(C(C1=C(C)C(OC(=O)C(C(c1ccccc1)NC(=O)c1ccccc1)O)C2)(C)C)O)OC(=O)c1ccccc1)(CO3)OC(=O)C
Isomeric SMILES CC(=O)O[C@H]1C(=O)[C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]3[C@]([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@]2(C(C1=C(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H](c1ccccc1)NC(=O)c1ccccc1)O)C2)(C)C)O)OC(=O)c1ccccc1)(CO3)OC(=O)C
InChI InChI=1S/C47H51NO14/c1-25-31(60-43(56)36(52)35(28-16-10-7-11-17-28)48-41(54)29-18-12-8-13-19-29)23-47(57)40(61-42(55)30-20-14-9-15-21-30)38-45(6,32(51)22-33-46(38,24-58-33)62-27(3)50)39(53)37(59-26(2)49)34(25)44(47,4)5/h7-21,31-33,35-38,40,51-52,57H,22-24H2,1-6H3,(H,48,54)/t31-,32-,33+,35-,36+,37+,38-,40-,45+,46-,47+/m0/s1
InChI Key RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Solvent-based paclitaxel is approved to treat lung, ovarian and breast cancers and Kaposi's sarcoma.
Nab-paclitaxel is designated as an orphan drug by the US FDA, for the treatment of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (in combination with gemcitabine). It is fully approved for this indication and for use in certain breast cancer patients (with tumours unresponsive to other chemotherapy, or relapsed disease) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Paclitaxel binds to the β-subunit of tubulin, which prevents the microtubule/paclitaxel complex from disassembling. This prevents normal microtubulin growth and function by stopping the microtubules from shortening and lengthening as they normally would.
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)
Drugs.com
European Medicines Agency (EMA)