ivermectin   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 2373

Synonyms: Heartgard® | ivermectin B1a | MK-933 | Sklice® | Soolantra®
Approved drug
ivermectin is an approved drug (FDA (1996), UK (2015))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drug. The approved drug is a mixture of mainly avermectin H2B1a (CAS # 71827-03-7) with some avermectin H2B1b (CAS # 70209-81-3). The avermectins are bacterial marcrolides isolated from Streptomyces avermitilis.

SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: There is speculation that ivermectin could be used to treat COVID-19, which is principally founded on in vitro evidence of anti-viral activity, and limited evidence of anti-inflammatory action. The evidence that ivermectin is appropriate to prevent or treat coronavirus infection is not compelling. To date (Jan 2021) there is no persuasive efficacy data available from an adequately sized, appropriately designed and controlled randomised clinical trial.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Click here for structure editor
Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 14
Hydrogen bond donors 3
Rotatable bonds 8
Topological polar surface area 170.06
Molecular weight 874.51
XLogP 2.84
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES COC1CC(OC2C(C)C=CC=C3COC4C3(O)C(C=C(C4O)C)C(=O)OC3CC(CC=C2C)OC2(C3)CCC(C(O2)C(CC)C)C)OC(C1OC1CC(OC)C(C(O1)C)O)C
Isomeric SMILES CO[C@H]1C[C@H](OC2C(C)/C=C/C=C/3\COC4C3(O)[C@@H](C=C([C@H]4O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]3CC(C/C=C/2\C)O[C@]2(C3)CCC(C(O2)C(CC)C)C)O[C@H](C1O[C@H]1C[C@H](OC)C([C@@H](O1)C)O)C
InChI InChI=1S/C48H74O14/c1-11-25(2)43-28(5)17-18-47(62-43)23-34-20-33(61-47)16-15-27(4)42(26(3)13-12-14-32-24-55-45-40(49)29(6)19-35(46(51)58-34)48(32,45)52)59-39-22-37(54-10)44(31(8)57-39)60-38-21-36(53-9)41(50)30(7)56-38/h12-15,19,25-26,28,30-31,33-45,49-50,52H,11,16-18,20-24H2,1-10H3/b13-12+,27-15+,32-14+/t25?,26?,28?,30-,31-,33?,34-,35-,36-,37-,38-,39-,40+,41?,42?,43?,44?,45?,47+,48?/m0/s1
InChI Key AZSNMRSAGSSBNP-ZLRQRZFZSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Used in the treatment of parasitic infections (excluding tapeworm), and as a topical treatment for head lice.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Selective and high affinity modulator of the glutamate-gated chloride ion channel in invertebrate muscle and nerve cells. Binding to this channel causes an increase in cell membrane permeability and hyperpolarisation of the cell leading to paralysis and death of the parasite.
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)