apicidin   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7495

Synonyms: OSI-2040
Antimalarial Ligand
Compound class: Natural product
Comment: Acipidin is a natural product fungal metabolite [2]. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation [3], via histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition.

The compound has broad-spectrum activity against apicomplexan parasites including Plasmodium species [2]. The Malaria tab on this ligand page provides additional curator comments of relevance to the Guide to MALARIA PHARMACOLOGY.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 9
Hydrogen bond donors 3
Rotatable bonds 12
Topological polar surface area 138.84
Molecular weight 623.37
XLogP 4.24
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CCC(=O)CCCCCC1NC(=O)C2CCCCN2C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC1=O)Cc1cn(c2c1cccc2)OC)C(CC)C
Isomeric SMILES CCC(=O)CCCCC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]2CCCCN2C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC1=O)Cc1cn(c2c1cccc2)OC)[C@H](CC)C
InChI InChI=1S/C34H49N5O6/c1-5-22(3)30-34(44)38-19-13-12-18-29(38)33(43)35-26(16-9-7-8-14-24(40)6-2)31(41)36-27(32(42)37-30)20-23-21-39(45-4)28-17-11-10-15-25(23)28/h10-11,15,17,21-22,26-27,29-30H,5-9,12-14,16,18-20H2,1-4H3,(H,35,43)(H,36,41)(H,37,42)/t22-,26-,27-,29+,30-/m0/s1
InChI Key JWOGUUIOCYMBPV-GMFLJSBRSA-N
Bioactivity Comments
Apicidin has in vitro activity against P. falciparum (strain Dd2, MIC of 125 ng/ml) and other species of apicomplexan parasite (MIC of 4-62 ng/ml) [2]. This activity is likely to be due to potent inhibition of histone deacetylase (E. tenella histone deacetylase, IC50 of 4nM) [2].
Selectivity at enzymes
Key to terms and symbols Click on species/strain names for details Click column headers to sort
Target Sp. Type Action Value Parameter Concentration range (M) Reference
histone deacetylase 1 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 10.4 pKi - 1
⤷ pKi 10.4 (Ki 4x10-11 M) [1]
histone deacetylase 2 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 9.9 pKi - 1
⤷ pKi 9.9 (Ki 1.2x10-10 M) [1]
histone deacetylase 3 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 9.6 pKi - 1
⤷ pKi 9.6 (Ki 2.6x10-10 M) [1]
histone deacetylase 8 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 7.3 pKi - 1
⤷ pKi 7.3 (Ki 4.9x10-8 M) [1]
histone deacetylase 3 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 7.4 – 7.5 pEC50 - 4
⤷ pEC50 7.5 (EC50 3x10-8 M) [4]
pEC50 7.4 (EC50 4.3x10-8 M) [4]
histone deacetylase 2 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 6.9 pEC50 - 4
⤷ pEC50 6.9 (EC50 1.2x10-7 M) [4]
histone deacetylase 8 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 6.2 pEC50 - 4
⤷ pEC50 6.2 (EC50 5.75x10-7 M) [4]