GNF2133   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 10687

Synonyms: compound 13g [PMID: 32077280] | GNF-2133
PDB Ligand
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: GNF2133 is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) [3]. It was designed and reported by the Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF). Inhibition of DYRK1A is being examined as a mechanism to promote β-cell proliferation as a novel therapy for type I diabetes. GNF2133 is active in relevant in vivo models. Significantly, GNF2133 is devoid of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) inhibitory activity, which is considered to be a potential long-term treatment liability of pre-exisitng dual DYRK1A/GSK3β inhibitors [1].
See also compound 2-2c [PMID: 32003560], which is a selective DYRK1A inhibitor with a different chemical scaffold [2].
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

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2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 7
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 6
Topological polar surface area 75.52
Molecular weight 434.24
XLogP 2.02
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CCN1CCN(CC1)C(=O)Nc1nccc(c1)c1cn(c2c1ccnc2)C1CCOCC1
Isomeric SMILES CCN1CCN(CC1)C(=O)Nc1nccc(c1)c1cn(c2c1ccnc2)C1CCOCC1
InChI InChI=1S/C24H30N6O2/c1-2-28-9-11-29(12-10-28)24(31)27-23-15-18(3-8-26-23)21-17-30(19-5-13-32-14-6-19)22-16-25-7-4-20(21)22/h3-4,7-8,15-17,19H,2,5-6,9-14H2,1H3,(H,26,27,31)
InChI Key SAZIAQSVBIWIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Bioactivity Comments
GNF2133 does not inhibit hERG [3]. IInhibition of GSK3β was negligible (IC50>50 μM). In a cellular kinase selectivity screening panel the higher dose (2 μM) of GNF2133 inhibited (in addition to DYRK1A) DYRK1B and DYRK2, RIPK2, FLT4 and CLK1/2/4. GNF2133 promotes proliferation of human and mouse β-cells in vitro and rat β-cells in vivo. The in vivo effect on β-cells was accompanied by elevated insulin production and improved glycemic control was detected in a mouse diabetes model. However, hypertrophic effects in nonpancreatic tissues and renal toxicity were observed in rats treated with GNF2133 for 14 days [3], so these issues need to be addressed before a GNF2133-based strategy is ready for further advancement.
Selectivity at enzymes
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Target Sp. Type Action Value Parameter Concentration range (M) Reference
dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.2 pIC50 - 3
⤷ pIC50 8.2 (IC50 6.2x10-9 M) [3]