<i>OPN5</i> | Opsin receptors | IUPHAR Guide to IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY

OPN5

Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb

Target id: 161

Nomenclature: OPN5

Gene and Protein Information
class A G protein-coupled receptor
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Human	7	354	6p12.3	OPN5	opsin 5	1,7
Mouse	7	377	17 B3	Opn5	opsin 5	1,7
Rat	6	534	9q13	Opn5	opsin 5

Previous and Unofficial Names
opsin 5 \| transmembrane protein 13 \| GPR136 \| PGR12 \| neuropsin \| PGR14 \| TMEM13 \| G protein-coupled receptor 136

Database Links
Specialist databases
GPCRdb	opn5_human (Hs), opn5_mouse (Mm), q7tqn6_rat (Rn)
Other databases
Alphafold	Q6U736 (Hs), Q6VZZ7 (Mm), Q7TQN6 (Rn)
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL4523878 (Hs)
Ensembl Gene	ENSG00000124818 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000043972 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000012689 (Rn)
Entrez Gene	221391 (Hs), 353344 (Mm), 316259 (Rn)
Human Protein Atlas	ENSG00000124818 (Hs)
KEGG Gene	hsa:221391 (Hs), mmu:353344 (Mm), rno:316259 (Rn)
OMIM	609042 (Hs)
Pharos	Q6U736 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide	NM_181744 (Hs), NM_181753 (Mm), NM_181772 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein	NP_859528 (Hs), NP_861418 (Mm), NP_861437 (Rn)
UniProtKB	Q6U736 (Hs), Q6VZZ7 (Mm), Q7TQN6 (Rn)
Wikipedia	OPN5 (Hs)

Primary Transduction Mechanisms
Transducer	Effector/Response
G_i/G_o family
Comments: Evidence indicates OPN5 triggers a UV-sensitive G_i-mediated signalling pathway in mammalian tissues [4].
References: 4

Tissue Distribution

Retina, brain, testis

Species:	Human
Technique:	RT-PCR
References:	7

Eye, brain, testis

Species:	Mouse
Technique:	RT-PCR
References:	7

Retina (non-rod non-cone retinal neurons), brain, outer ears (epidermal and muscle cells)

Species:	Mouse
Technique:	Immunohistochemistry
References:	4

Retina (inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer)

Species:	Rat
Technique:	Immunohistochemistry
References:	6

Tissue Distribution Comments

The human Müller cell line MIO-M1 expresses OPN5 [2].

Expression Datasets

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Log average relative transcript abundance in mouse tissues measured by qPCR from Regard, J.B., Sato, I.T., and Coughlin, S.R. (2008). Anatomical profiling of G protein-coupled receptor expression. Cell, 135(3): 561-71. [PMID:18984166] [Raw data: website]

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Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology Comments
Association studies suggested that genetic variation of OPN5 may contribute to the molecular mechanisms of bipolar disorder, and some aspects of memory and intelligence [3].

Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology Comments

Association studies suggested that genetic variation of OPN5 may contribute to the molecular mechanisms of bipolar disorder, and some aspects of memory and intelligence [3].

General Comments
OPN5 has been identified as a deep brain photoreceptor in birds [5]. Human and mouse OPN5 have a maximum UV absorption at 380nm, indicating that the receptor is the first human opsin with a peak sensitivity in the UV region [4].

References

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1. Fornai F, Lenzi P, Gesi M, Ferrucci M, Lazzeri G, Busceti CL, Ruffoli R, Soldani P, Ruggieri S, Alessandri MG et al.. (2003) Fine structure and biochemical mechanisms underlying nigrostriatal inclusions and cell death after proteasome inhibition. J Neurosci, 23 (26): 8955-66. [PMID:14523098]

2. Hollborn M, Ulbricht E, Rillich K, Dukic-Stefanovic S, Wurm A, Wagner L, Reichenbach A, Wiedemann P, Limb GA, Bringmann A et al.. (2011) The human Müller cell line MIO-M1 expresses opsins. Mol Vis, 17: 2738-50. [PMID:22065927]

3. Izumi A, Iijima Y, Noguchi H, Numakawa T, Okada T, Hori H, Kato T, Tatsumi M, Kosuga A, Kamijima K et al.. (2008) Genetic variations of human neuropsin gene and psychiatric disorders: polymorphism screening and possible association with bipolar disorder and cognitive functions. Neuropsychopharmacology, 33 (13): 3237-45. [PMID:18354391]

4. Kojima D, Mori S, Torii M, Wada A, Morishita R, Fukada Y. (2011) UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice. PLoS ONE, 6 (10): e26388. [PMID:22043319]

5. Nakane Y, Ikegami K, Ono H, Yamamoto N, Yoshida S, Hirunagi K, Ebihara S, Kubo Y, Yoshimura T. (2010) A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 107 (34): 15264-8. [PMID:20679218]

6. Nieto PS, Valdez DJ, Acosta-Rodríguez VA, Guido ME. (2011) Expression of novel opsins and intrinsic light responses in the mammalian retinal ganglion cell line RGC-5. Presence of OPN5 in the rat retina. PLoS ONE, 6 (10): e26417. [PMID:22022612]

7. Tarttelin EE, Bellingham J, Hankins MW, Foster RG, Lucas RJ. (2003) Neuropsin (Opn5): a novel opsin identified in mammalian neural tissue. FEBS Lett, 554 (3): 410-6. [PMID:14623103]