infliximab

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Ligands
infliximab

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 5004

infliximab is an approved drug (FDA (1998), EMA (1999))

Comment: Infliximab is an anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, mouse-human chimeric monoclonal antibody. It binds both soluble and transmembrane forms of TNFα but not lymphotoxin α (TNFβ).
Annotated peptide sequences for this antibody are available from its IMGT/mAb-DB record.
Peptide sequence analysis reveals this to be antibody cA2 in patent US5656272 [5].

Biosimilars:

Name	Trade name	Company	Clinical Phase	Indications	References
infliximab-dyyb; CT-P13	Remsima; Inflectra; Flammegis	Celltrion/Pfizer	Approved (2013 EMA, 2016 FDA)	As per reference agent	[1-2,8]
infliximab-abda; SB2	Flixabi; Renflexis	Merck/SamsungBioepis	Approved (2016 EMA, 2017 FDA)	As per reference agent
infliximab-qbtx; PF-06438179	Ixifi; Zessly	Pfizer?Sandoz	Approved (2017 FDA, 2018 EMA)	As per reference agent	[3]
NI-071		Nichi-Iko Pharmaceutical	Approved (2017 Japan); Phase 3 US (NCT02990806)	As per reference agent
BCD-055		Biocad	Ph 3 (NCT02762838)	Rheumatoid arthritis
Infliximab-EPIRUS; BOW015	Infimab	Epirus Biopharmaceuticals	Approved (2014 India); Ph 3 US (NCT02683564)	Rheumatoid arthritis
infliximab-axxq; ABP710	Avsola	Amgen	Approved (2019 FDA)	As per reference agent
STI-002		MabTech/Sorrento Therapeutic
Infliximab biosimilar 1		Nippon Kayaku	Approved (Japan 2014)	As per reference agent

Two more biosimilars have been approved in Japan: Infliximab biosimilar 2 (Nichi-Iko Pharmaceutical/ Yakuhan Pharmaceutical; 2017) and Infliximab biosimilar 3 (Pfizer Japan; 2018), both indicatated as per reference agent [4].

View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: infliximab

Immunopharmacology Comments
Because infliximab was prepared from a murine hybridoma it suffers from the problem of allogenic antigenicity in humans, resulting in fhe generation of anti-infliximab antibodies which neutralizes its therapeutic efficacy. This problem has largely been overcome by the development of engineered antibodies such as 'chimeric', 'humanized' and 'fully human' antibody constructs which are minimally immunogenic.

Immunopharmacology Comments

Because infliximab was prepared from a murine hybridoma it suffers from the problem of allogenic antigenicity in humans, resulting in fhe generation of anti-infliximab antibodies which neutralizes its therapeutic efficacy. This problem has largely been overcome by the development of engineered antibodies such as 'chimeric', 'humanized' and 'fully human' antibody constructs which are minimally immunogenic.

Immunopharmacology Disease
Disease	X-Refs	Comment	References
Rheumatoid arthritis	Disease Ontology: DOID:7148 OMIM: 180300	Used in combination with methotrexate to reduce production of anti-infliximab antibodies. However, if infliximab is rendered ineffective, other anti-TNFα agents can be used as an alternative therapy.
Crohn's disease	Disease Ontology: DOID:8778 OMIM: 266600 Orphanet: ORPHA206	Approved monoclonal antibody therapy for Crohn's disease.
Ulcerative colitis	Disease Ontology: DOID:8577 OMIM: 266600 Orphanet: ORPHA771	Approved monoclonal antibody therapy for UC.

Immunopaedia Case Studies Links
Case of eye injury and decreased vision

Immunopaedia Case Studies Links

Case of eye injury and decreased vision